Isingeniso Solar Power Systems kanye Nezinhlobo Zebhethri
Ngokukhula kwesidingo samandla avuselelekayo, izinhlelo zamandla elanga seziphenduke inketho ekhethwayo kubanikazi bezindlu namabhizinisi amaningi. Lezi zinhlelo ngokuvamile zihlanganisa amaphaneli elanga, ama-inverter, namabhethri: amaphaneli elanga aguqula ukukhanya kwelanga kube ugesi, ama-inverter aguqula i-direct current (DC) ibe i-alternating current (AC) ukuze isetshenziswe, futhi amabhethri adlala indima ebalulekile ekugcineni amandla engeziwe phakathi nosuku sebenzisa ebusuku noma ngezinsuku ezinamafu.
Kunezinhlobo eziningana zamabhethri ezivame ukusetshenziswa ezinhlelweni zamandla elanga, ngalinye linezinzuzo zalo kanye nokubi. Izinhlobo ezivame kakhulu zihlanganisa amabhethri e-lead-acid, amabhethri e-lithium-ion, nobuchwepheshe obusafufusa obufana namabhethri okugeleza namabhethri e-sodium-sulfur (NaS). Amabhethri e-lead-acid awuhlobo lwakuqala nolusetshenziswa kakhulu, aziwa ngezindleko eziphansi nokuthembeka. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, amabhethri e-lithium-ion anikeza ukuminyana kwamandla aphezulu, ukuphila okude, kanye nezikhathi zokushaja ngokushesha kodwa eza nezindleko eziphakeme zokuqala.
Ukuhlaziywa Okuqhathanisayo Kwezinhlobo Zebhethri Ezisetshenziswa Zelanga
Amabhethri e-lead-Acid:
Amabhethri e-lead-asidi awuhlobo lwebhethri elisetshenziswa kakhulu elivamile kumasistimu kagesi welanga, anenani eliphansi ngezindleko zawo eziphansi kanye nokwethembeka okuqinisekisiwe. Ziza ngezindlela ezimbili eziyinhloko: zigcwele amanzi futhi zivaliwe (njengejeli kanye ne-AGM). Amabhethri e-lead-acid egcwele amanzi adinga ukunakekelwa okuvamile, kuyilapho izinhlobo ezivaliwe zidinga ukulungiswa okuncane futhi ngokuvamile zihlala isikhathi eside.
Izinzuzo:
- Izindleko zokuqala eziphansi, ubuchwepheshe obufakazelwe
- Ifanele izinhlelo zokusebenza ezihlukahlukene
- Uthembekile
Ububi:
- Ukuminyana kwamandla okuphansi kanye nomthamo wokugcina olinganiselwe
- Ukuphila okufushane (imvamisa iminyaka emi-5-10)
- Izidingo zokunakekelwa okuphezulu, ikakhulukazi ezinhlotsheni ezigcwele izikhukhula
- Ukujula okuphansi kokukhipha (i-DoD), akulungele ukusetshenziswa njalo
Amabhethri e-Lithium-ion:
Amabhethri e-lithium-ion asethandwa kakhulu ezinhlelweni zamandla elanga ngenxa yezici zawo zokusebenza okuphezulu. Zinikeza ukuminyana kwamandla okuphezulu, ukuphila okude, nezikhathi zokushaja ngokushesha uma kuqhathaniswa namabhethri e-lead-acid. Ukwengeza, banezinga eliphansi lokuzikhipha, okusho ukuthi bangagcina amandla isikhathi eside ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa okukhulu.
Izinzuzo:
- Ukuminyana kwamandla okuphezulu (amandla engeziwe endaweni efanayo)
- Ukuphila okude (imvamisa iminyaka eyi-10-15)
- Izinga lokuzikhulula eliphansi
- Izikhathi zokushaja ezisheshayo
- Izidingo zokunakekela eziphansi
Ububi:
- Izindleko zokuqala eziphakeme
- Ukufakwa nokuphatha okuyinkimbinkimbi
- Izingozi ezingaba khona zokuphepha ngezinhlobo ezithile (isb, i-lithium cobalt oxide)
Emerging Technologies:
Amabhethri agelezayo namabhethri e-sodium-sulfur (NaS) ubuchwepheshe obusafufusa obubonisa isithembiso sezinhlelo zokusebenza zokugcina amandla elanga amakhulu. Amabhethri agelezayo anikeza amandla aphezulu kanye nempilo yomjikelezo omude kodwa okwamanje abiza kakhulu kunezinye izinketho. Amabhethri e-sodium-sulphur anomthamo omkhulu wamandla futhi angasebenza emazingeni okushisa aphezulu kodwa abhekane nezinselele ngezindleko eziphezulu zokukhiqiza kanye nokukhathazeka kokuphepha.
Izinto Okufanele Zicatshangwe Lapho Ukhetha Ibhethri Lelanga
- Izidingo Zamandla Esistimu:
Izidingo zamandla esistimu yakho yamandla elanga zizonquma usayizi webhethri namandla adingekayo. Amasistimu wamandla aphezulu azodinga amabhethri amakhulu anesitoreji esiphezulu. - Umthamo Wesitoreji:
Umthamo wokugcina webhethri ubalulekile ekunqumeni ukuthi mangakanani amandla angagcinwa futhi asetshenziswe ngezikhathi zokukhanya kwelanga okuphansi. Amasistimu anesidingo samandla aphezulu noma atholakala ezindaweni ezinokukhanya okuncane kwelanga kufanele akhethe amandla amakhulu okugcina. - Indawo yokusebenza:
Cabangela indawo yokusebenza kwebhethri. Amabhethri kumazinga okushisa adlulele noma izimo ezinzima angase adinge ukuvikeleka okwengeziwe noma ukwelashwa okukhethekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza okuphelele neminyaka yokuphila. - Isabelomali:
Nakuba izindleko zokuqala zebhethri ziyisici esibalulekile, akufanele kube ukuphela kokucatshangelwa. Izindleko zesikhathi eside, okuhlanganisa ukunakekela, ukushintshwa, nokonga okungenzeka kwamandla kagesi, nazo kufanele zifakwe esinqumweni. - Izidingo Zokunakekela:
Ezinye izinhlobo zebhethri, njengamabhethri e-lead-acid, zidinga ukunakekelwa okuvamile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza kahle, kuyilapho amabhethri e-lithium-ion ngokuvamile edinga ukulungiswa okuncane. Lapho ukhetha inketho efanele, cabanga ngezidingo zokunakekelwa kwezinhlobo ezahlukene zebhethri.
Amabhrendi ahamba phambili namamodeli wamabhethri elanga
Imikhiqizo eminingana ehamba phambili inikezela ngamabhethri elanga aphezulu anezici ezithuthukisiwe nezicaciso. Le mikhiqizo ihlanganisa iTesla, LG Chem, Panasonic, AES Energy Storage, neSorotec.
I-Tesla Powerwall:
I-Tesla Powerwall iyisinqumo esithandwayo sezinhlelo zokuhlala zamandla elanga. Inikeza ukuminyana kwamandla okuphezulu, impilo ende, nezikhathi zokushaja ngokushesha. I-Powerwall 2.0 inamandla angu-13.5 kWh futhi isebenza ngaphandle komthungo ngamaphaneli elanga ukuze inikeze isitoreji samandla nesipele.
I-LG Chem:
I-LG Chem ihlinzeka ngohlu lwamabhethri e-lithium-ion aklanyelwe izinhlelo zokusebenza zelanga. Uchungechunge lwabo lwe-RESU (Residential Energy Storage Unit) ludizayinelwe ngokukhethekile ukusetshenziswa kwezindawo zokuhlala, lunikeza ukusebenza kahle okukhulu kwamandla nempilo yomjikelezo omude. Imodeli ye-RESU 10H inamandla angu-9.3 kWh, ilungele amasistimu anezidingo zamandla amaphakathi.
I-Panasonic:
I-Panasonic inikezela ngamabhethri e-lithium-ion ekhwalithi ephezulu anezici ezithuthukisiwe ezifana nokuminyana kwamandla aphezulu, ubude bempilo, namazinga aphansi okuzikhulula. Uchungechunge lwabo lwe-HHR (High Heat Resistance) ludizayinelwe izindawo eziyingozi kakhulu, luletha ukusebenza okuhle kakhulu ezimeni ezisezingeni eliphezulu.
I-AES Energy Storage:
I-AES Energy Storage ihlinzeka ngezixazululo ezinkulu zokugcina amandla ezisetshenziswa zezohwebo nezimboni. Izinhlelo zabo zebhethri le-Advancell zinikeza ukusebenza kahle okukhulu kwamandla, impilo yomjikelezo omude, nezikhathi zokushaja okusheshayo, okuzenza zilungele ukufakwa kwamandla elanga amakhulu okudinga umthamo omkhulu wokugcina amandla.
I-Sorotec:
Amabhethri elanga e-Sorotec aziwa ngokungabizi kwawo okuphezulu, adizayinelwe abasebenzisi bezindawo zokuhlala nabancane abafuna izixazululo ezisebenzayo nezongayo. Amabhethri e-Sorotec ahlanganisa ukusebenza okuhle kakhulu nezintengo ezincintisanayo, anikeza ukuphila okude, ukuminyana kwamandla okuphezulu, nokukhiphayo okuzinzile. Lawa mabhethri ayinketho enhle kumasistimu elanga aphakathi nendawo, anezindleko zokunakekela eziphansi, okuwenza alungele abasebenzisi abanezinkinga zesabelomali abasadinga ukugcinwa kwamandla okuthembekile.
Isiphetho Nezincomo
Lapho ukhetha ibhethri elifanele lesistimu yakho yamandla elanga, kubalulekile ukucabangela izici ezifana nezidingo zamandla esistimu, umthamo wokulondolozwa, indawo yokusebenza, isabelomali, nezidingo zokunakekelwa. Nakuba amabhethri e-lead-acid esetshenziswa kabanzi ngenxa yokuthengeka kwawo nokuthembeka, anomthamo omncane wamandla nempilo emifushane uma kuqhathaniswa namabhethri e-lithium-ion. Amabhethri e-lithium-ion ahlinzeka ngokusebenza okuphezulu nempilo ende kodwa eza nokutshalwa kwezimali kokuqala okuphezulu.
Okwamasistimu elanga okuhlala kuwo,I-Tesla PowerwallfuthiUchungechunge lwe-LG Chem RESUukukhetha okuhle kakhulu ngenxa yokusebenza kahle kwazo okuphezulu, impilo ende, nezikhathi zokushaja ngokushesha. Ngezicelo ezinkulu zezentengiselwano nezimboni,I-AES Energy Storageinikeza izixazululo zokulondoloza amandla ngendlela esebenza kahle kakhulu kanye nokuqina.
Uma ufuna isisombululo sebhethri esingabizi kakhulu,I-Sorotecinikeza amabhethri asebenza kahle kakhulu ngamanani ancintisanayo, alungele amasistimu amancane kuya kosayizi omaphakathi, ikakhulukazi kubasebenzisi kubhajethi. Amabhethri e-Sorotec aletha ukugcinwa kwamandla okuthembekile ngenkathi kugcinwa izindleko zokulungisa ziphansi, okuwenza afanelekele ukusetshenziswa kwezindawo zokuhlala nezincane zezentengiselwano.
Ekugcineni, ibhethri elingcono kakhulu lesistimu yakho yamandla elanga lincike ezidingweni zakho ezithile kanye nesabelomali. Ngokuqonda ubuhle nobubi bohlobo ngalunye lwebhethri, futhi ucabangele izidingo zamandla esistimu yakho nendawo yokusebenzisa, ungenza isinqumo unolwazi futhi ukhethe isisombululo esifaneleka kakhulu sokugcina amandla.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Nov-28-2024
