Ngaphambi kokukhuphuka kwemboni ye-photovoltaic, ubuchwepheshe be-inverter noma i-inverter yayisetshenziswa ikakhulukazi ezimbonini ezifana nokuhamba kwesitimela kanye nokunikezwa kwamandla. Ngemuva kokukhuphuka kwemboni ye-photovoltaic, i-inverter ye-photovoltaic isibe yimishini eyinhloko ohlelweni olusha lokukhiqiza amandla, futhi ijwayele wonke umuntu. Ikakhulukazi emazweni athuthukile eYurophu nase-United States, ngenxa yomqondo odumile wokonga amandla nokuvikelwa kwemvelo, imakethe ye-photovoltaic yathuthukiswa ngaphambili, ikakhulukazi ukuthuthukiswa okusheshayo kwezinhlelo ze-photovoltaic zasendlini. Emazweni amaningi, ama-inverters asendlini asetshenziswe njengezinto zasendlini, futhi izinga lokungena liphezulu.
I-photovoltaic inverter iguqula okwamanje eqondile ekhiqizwa amamojula e-photovoltaic ibe yamanje eshintshanayo bese iyifaka kugridi. Ukusebenza nokuthembeka kwe-inverter kunquma ikhwalithi yamandla kanye nokusebenza kahle kokukhiqizwa kwamandla okukhiqiza amandla. Ngakho-ke, i-inverter ye-photovoltaic iyinhloko yesistimu yokukhiqiza amandla e-photovoltaic. isimo.
Phakathi kwabo, ama-inverters axhunywe kugridi athatha ingxenye enkulu yemakethe kuzo zonke izigaba, futhi kuyisiqalo sokuthuthukiswa kwazo zonke ubuchwepheshe be-inverter. Uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izinhlobo zama-inverters, ama-inverters axhunywe kugridi alula kubuchwepheshe, agxile ekufakweni kwe-photovoltaic kanye nokuphuma kwegridi. Amandla okukhipha aphephile, anokwethenjelwa, asebenzayo, kanye nezinga eliphezulu asephenduke into egxilwe kakhulu kuma-inverters anjalo. izinkomba zobuchwepheshe. Ezimweni zobuchwepheshe zama-inverters e-photovoltaic axhunywe kugridi akhiwe emazweni ahlukene, amaphuzu angenhla abe amaphuzu okulinganisa avamile wezinga, yiqiniso, imininingwane yemingcele ihlukile. Kuma-inverter axhunywe kugridi, zonke izidingo zobuchwepheshe zigxile ekuhlangabezaneni nezidingo zegridi yezinhlelo zokukhiqiza ezisabalalisiwe, futhi izidingo ezengeziwe zivela ezidingweni zegridi yama-inverters, okungukuthi, izidingo ezisuka phansi. Okufana ne-voltage, ukucaciswa kwefrikhwensi, izidingo zekhwalithi yamandla, ukuphepha, izimfuneko zokulawula lapho kwenzeka iphutha. Futhi indlela yokuxhuma kugridi, iyiphi igridi yamandla ezinga le-voltage okufanele ifakwe, njll., ngakho-ke i-inverter exhunywe kugridi idinga njalo ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zegridi, ayiveli ezidingweni zangaphakathi zesistimu yokukhiqiza amandla. Futhi ngokombono wezobuchwepheshe, iphuzu elibaluleke kakhulu ukuthi i-inverter exhunywe kugridi "i-grid-connected power generation", okungukuthi, ikhiqiza amandla lapho ihlangabezana nezimo ezixhunywe kugridi. ezindabeni zokuphatha amandla ngaphakathi kwesistimu ye-photovoltaic, ngakho-ke kulula. Ilula njengemodeli yebhizinisi kagesi eliwukhiqizayo. Ngokwezibalo zakwamanye amazwe, ngaphezu kwe-90% yezinhlelo ze-photovoltaic ezakhiwe futhi zasebenza ziyizinhlelo ezixhunywe kugridi ye-photovoltaic, futhi ama-inverters axhunywe kugridi asetshenziswa.
Isigaba sama-inverter aphambene nama-inverter axhumeke kugridi ama-inverter angaphandle kwegridi. I-inverter ye-off-grid isho ukuthi ukukhishwa kwe-inverter akuxhunyiwe kugridi, kodwa kuxhunywe kumthwalo, okushayela ngokuqondile umthwalo ukuze unikeze amandla. Kunezinhlelo zokusebenza ezimbalwa ze-off-grid inverters, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezikude, lapho izimo ezixhunywe kugridi zingatholakali, izimo ezixhunywe kwigridi zimbi, noma kunesidingo sokuzikhiqiza kanye nokuzisebenzisela, ukucisha. -uhlelo lwegridi lugcizelela “ukuzakhela nokuzisebenzisa”. ". Ngenxa yokusetshenziswa okumbalwa kwama-inverter angaphandle kwegridi, luncane ucwaningo nentuthuko kwezobuchwepheshe. Kunamazinga ambalwa wamazwe ngamazwe ezimo zobuchwepheshe zama-inverters angaphandle kwegridi, okuholela ocwaningweni olunciphile nasekuthuthukisweni kwalawo ma-inverters, okubonisa umkhuba wokuncipha Nokho, imisebenzi off-grid inverters kanye nobuchwepheshe abathintekayo akulula, ikakhulukazi ngokubambisana namabhethri okugcina amandla, ukulawulwa kanye nokuphathwa kohlelo lonke kuyinkimbinkimbi kunama-inverters axhunywe kugridi Kufanele kushiwo ukuthi uhlelo oluhlanganisa ama-inverters angaphandle kwegridi, amaphaneli e-photovoltaic, amabhethri, imithwalo kanye nezinye izinto zokusebenza kakade isistimu ye-micro-grid elula Iphuzu kuphela ukuthi uhlelo aluxhunyiwe kugridi.
Empeleni,ama-inverters angaphandle kwegridiziyisisekelo sokuthuthukiswa kwama-inverter e-bidirectional. Ama-inverter ama-Bidirectional empeleni ahlanganisa izici zobuchwepheshe zama-inverter axhunywe kugridi nama-inverter angaphandle kwegridi, futhi asetshenziswa kumanethiwekhi okunikezwa kwamandla endawo noma amasistimu okukhiqiza amandla. Uma isetshenziswa ngokuhambisana negridi yamandla. Nakuba zingeziningi izinhlelo zalolu hlobo okwamanje, ngenxa yokuthi lolu hlobo lwesistimu luyisibonelo sokuthuthukiswa kwe-microgrid, luhambisana nengqalasizinda kanye nemodi yokusebenza kwezentengiselwano yokuphehlwa kwamandla asabalalisiwe esikhathini esizayo. kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza ze-microgrid zasendaweni zesikhathi esizayo. Eqinisweni, kwamanye amazwe nezimakethe lapho i-photovoltaics ikhula ngokushesha futhi ivuthiwe, ukusetshenziswa kwama-microgrid emakhaya nasezindaweni ezincane sekuqalile ukukhula kancane kancane. Ngaso leso sikhathi, uhulumeni wasekhaya ukhuthaza ukuthuthukiswa kokuphehlwa kukagesi wendawo, amanethiwekhi okugcina kanye nokusetshenziswa kwemizi njengeyunithi, ebeka kuqala ekukhiqizeni amandla amasha ukuze azisebenzisele wona, kanye nengxenye enganele evela kugridi kagesi. Ngakho-ke, isiguquli esinezinhlangothi ezimbili sidinga ukucabangela imisebenzi yokulawula eyengeziwe kanye nemisebenzi yokuphatha amandla, njengokushajwa kwebhethri nokulawula ukukhishwa, amasu okusebenza axhunywe kugridi/ngaphandle kwegridi, namasu okunikeza amandla athembekile. Sekukonke, i-inverter ye-bidirectional izodlala imisebenzi ebaluleke kakhulu yokulawula nokuphatha ngokombono wesistimu yonke, esikhundleni sokucabangela kuphela izidingo zegridi noma umthwalo.
Njengenye yezinkombandlela zokuthuthukiswa kwegridi kagesi, inethiwekhi yendawo yokuphehla ugesi, ukusatshalaliswa kanye nokusetshenziswa kukagesi eyakhiwe ngokuphehlwa kukagesi okusha njengoba umnyombo uzoba enye yezindlela eziyinhloko zokuthuthukisa igridi encane esikhathini esizayo. Kule modi, i-microgrid yendawo izokwakha ubudlelwano obusebenzisanayo negridi enkulu, futhi i-microgrid ngeke isasebenza eduze kugridi enkulu, kodwa izosebenza ngokuzimela, okungukuthi, kumodi yesiqhingi. Ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nokuphepha kwesifunda futhi kunikeze kuqala ukusetshenziswa kwamandla okuthembekile, imodi yokusebenza exhunywe kugridi yenziwa kuphela lapho amandla endawo emaningi noma kudingeka athathwe kugridi yamandla yangaphandle. Njengamanje, ngenxa yezimo ezingavuthiwe zobuchwepheshe obuhlukahlukene nezinqubomgomo, ama-microgrid awazange asetshenziswe ngezinga elikhulu, futhi inani elincane kuphela lamaphrojekthi okukhombisa asebenzayo, futhi iningi lala maphrojekthi lixhunywe kugridi. I-inverter ye-microgrid ihlanganisa izici zobuchwepheshe ze-inverter ye-bidirectional futhi idlala umsebenzi obalulekile wokuphatha igridi. Kungumshini ojwayelekile ohlanganisiwe wokulawula kanye ne-inverter edidiyelwe ehlanganisa i-inverter, ukulawula nokuphatha. Lenza ukuphathwa kwamandla endawo, ukulawula umthwalo, ukuphathwa kwebhethri, i-inverter, ukuvikela kanye neminye imisebenzi. Izoqedela umsebenzi wokuphatha we-microgrid yonke kanye nohlelo lokuphathwa kwamandla egridi encane (i-MGEMS), futhi kuzoba yimishini ewumgogodla yokwakha uhlelo lwegridi encane. Uma kuqhathaniswa ne-inverter yokuqala exhunywe kugridi ekuthuthukisweni kobuchwepheshe be-inverter, iye yahlukana nomsebenzi ohlanzekile we-inverter futhi yathwala umsebenzi wokuphathwa nokulawula kwe-microgrid, ukunaka nokuxazulula izinkinga ezithile kusuka ezingeni lesistimu. I-inverter yokugcina amandla ihlinzeka ngokuguquguquka okuphindwe kabili, ukuguqulwa kwamanje, nokushaja nokukhipha ibhethri. Uhlelo lokuphatha i-microgrid lulawula yonke i-microgrid. Othintana nabo A, B, no-C bonke balawulwa uhlelo lokuphatha igridi encane futhi bangasebenza eziqhingini ezingazodwa. Sika imithwalo engabalulekile ngokusho kwamandla kagesi ngezikhathi ezithile ukuze ugcine ukuzinza kwe-microgrid nokusebenza okuphephile kwemithwalo ebalulekile.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Feb-10-2022
