Ngenxa yokuhlukahluka kwezakhiwo, kuzoholela nakanjani ezinhlobonhlobo zokufakwa kwamaphaneli elanga. Ukuze ukwandise ukusebenza kahle kokuguqulwa kwamandla elanga ngenkathi kucatshangelwa ukubukeka okuhle kwesakhiwo, lokhu kudinga ukuhlukahluka kwama-inverters ethu ukuze kuzuzwe indlela engcono kakhulu yamandla elanga. Ukuguqulwa. Izindlela ezivame kakhulu ze-solar inverter emhlabeni yilezi: ama-inverter amaphakathi, ama-inverter ezintambo, ama-inverter anezintambo eziningi kanye nama-component inverters. Manje sizohlaziya izinhlelo zokusebenza zama-inverters amaningana.
Ama-inverter amaphakathi ngokuvamile asetshenziswa kumasistimu aneziteshi ezinkulu zamandla e-photovoltaic (》10kW). Izintambo eziningi ezihambisanayo ze-photovoltaic zixhunywe kokokufaka kwe-DC kwe-inverter efanayo emaphakathi. Ngokuvamile, amamojula wamandla we-IGBT wezigaba ezintathu asetshenziselwa amandla aphezulu. Amandla aphansi asebenzisa ama-transistors e-field-effect kanye nesilawuli sokuguqula i-DSP ukuze kuthuthukiswe ikhwalithi yamandla kagesi akhiqiziwe, okuwenza asondele kakhulu ku-sine wave current. Isici esikhulu kunazo zonke amandla aphezulu kanye nezindleko eziphansi zesistimu. Kodwa-ke, kuthinteka ukufaniswa kwezintambo ze-photovoltaic kanye ne-shading eyingxenye, okuholela ekusebenzeni kahle kanye namandla okusebenza kwesistimu yonke ye-photovoltaic. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukuthembeka kokukhiqizwa kwamandla kwesistimu yonke ye-photovoltaic kuthinteka isimo esibi sokusebenza seqembu le-photovoltaic unit. Isiqondiso sakamuva socwaningo ukusetshenziswa kokulawulwa kokushintshwa kwe-vector yasemkhathini kanye nokuthuthukiswa kokuxhumeka okusha kwe-inverter topology ukuze kutholwe ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu ngaphansi kwezimo zomthwalo oyingxenye.
Ku-inverter emaphakathi ye-SolarMax, ungakwazi ukunamathisela ibhokisi lesixhumi esibonakalayo le-photovoltaic lamalungu afanayo ukuze uqaphe intambo ngayinye ye-photovoltaic yokusefa komoya. Uma enye yezintambo ingasebenzi kahle, uhlelo luzodlulisela lolu lwazi kusilawuli esikude Ngesikhathi esifanayo, le ntambo ingamiswa isilawuli kude, ukuze ukwehluleka kwentambo yezintambo ze-photovoltaic ngeke kunciphise futhi kuthinte umsebenzi kanye nokukhishwa kwamandla kwesistimu yonke ye-photovoltaic.
Ama-inverter ezintambo asephenduke ama-inverter aziwa kakhulu emakethe yamazwe ngamazwe. I-inverter yeyunithi yezinhlamvu isekelwe kumqondo we-modular. Iyunithi yezinhlamvu ye-photovoltaic ngayinye (1kW-5kW) idlula ku-inverter, inamandla aphezulu wokulandelela ukuphakama kwe-DC ekugcineni, futhi ixhunywe ngokuhambisana ekugcineni kwe-AC. Izitshalo eziningi ezinkulu zamandla e-photovoltaic zisebenzisa ama-inverters ezintambo. Inzuzo ukuthi ayithinteki umehluko wemojula kanye nezithunzi phakathi kwezintambo, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo kunciphisa indawo yokusebenza efanele yamamojula we-photovoltaic.
Ukungafani ne-inverter, ngaleyo ndlela kwandise inani lokukhiqiza amandla. Lezi zinzuzo zobuchwepheshe azigcini nje ukunciphisa izindleko zesistimu, kodwa futhi zandisa ukwethembeka kwesistimu. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, umqondo othi "master-slave" wethulwa phakathi kwezintambo, ukuze kuthi lapho intambo eyodwa yamandla kagesi ingakwazi ukwenza inverter eyodwa isebenze ohlelweni, amasethi amaningana ezintambo ze-photovoltaic axhunyiwe ndawonye, futhi eyodwa noma eziningana zazo zingasebenza. , Ukuze kukhiqizwe ugesi owengeziwe. Umqondo wakamuva wukuthi ama-inverters amaningana akha "ithimba" ukuze athathe indawo yomqondo "we-master-slave", okwenza ukwethembeka kwesistimu kube isinyathelo esiqhubekayo. Njengamanje, abaguquli bezintambo ezingenazintambo baholile.
I-Multi-string inverter ithatha izinzuzo ze-inverter emaphakathi kanye ne-string inverter, igwema ukushiyeka kwayo, futhi ingasetshenziswa eziteshini zamandla e-photovoltaic zama-kilowatts amaningana. Ku-inverter yezintambo eziningi, ukulandelela ukuphakama kwamandla ngamanye okuhlukile kanye neziguquli ze-DC-to-DC zifakiwe. Lawa ma-DC aguqulwa abe amandla e-AC ngesiguquli esijwayelekile se-DC-to-AC futhi axhunywe kugridi. Amanani ahlukene akalwe wezintambo ze-photovoltaic (njengalezi: amandla akalwe ahlukene, inani elihlukile lezingxenye kuyunithi yezinhlamvu ngayinye, abakhiqizi abahlukene bezingxenye, njll.), amamojula we-photovoltaic osayizi abahlukene noma ubuchwepheshe obuhlukile, nezintambo zezinkomba ezahlukene (njenge : IMpumalanga, iNingizimu neNtshonalanga), ama-engeli okuthambekela ahlukene noma izithunzi, zingaxhunywa ku-inverter evamile, futhi iyunithi yezinhlamvu ngayinye isebenza ekuphakameni kwawo okuphezulu kwamandla.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ubude bekhebula le-DC buyancishiswa, umphumela wesithunzi phakathi kwezintambo kanye nokulahlekelwa okubangelwa umehluko phakathi kwezintambo kuyancishiswa.
I-inverter yengxenye iwukuxhuma ingxenye ngayinye ye-photovoltaic ku-inverter, futhi ingxenye ngayinye inokulandelela okuhlukile okuphezulu kwamandla aphezulu, ukuze ingxenye ne-inverter ifaniswe kangcono. Ivamise ukusetshenziswa ku-50W kuya ku-400W ezitshalweni zamandla e-photovoltaic, ukusebenza kahle okuphelele kungaphansi kuneziguquli zezintambo. Njengoba ixhunywe ngokuhambisana ku-AC, lokhu kwandisa inkimbinkimbi yezintambo ohlangothini lwe-AC futhi kunzima ukuyigcina. Enye inkinga okufanele ixazululwe ukuthi ungaxhuma kanjani kugridi ngempumelelo. Indlela elula iwukuxhuma ngokuqondile kugridi ngokusebenzisa isokhethi ye-AC evamile, enganciphisa izindleko nokufakwa kwemishini, kodwa ngokuvamile izindinganiso zokuphepha zegridi zingase zingakuvumeli. Ngokwenza kanjalo, inkampani yamandla ingase iphikisane nokuthi idivayisi yokuphehla ugesi ixhunywe ngokuqondile namasokhethi avamile abasebenzisi abavamile basekhaya. Esinye isici esihlobene nokuphepha ukuthi i-transformer yokuhlukanisa (imvamisa ephezulu noma imvamisa ephansi) iyadingeka, noma i-inverter engena-transformer ivunyelwe. Lokhui-inverterisetshenziswa kakhulu ezindongeni zamakhethini engilazi.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Oct-29-2021
