Njengamanje, uhlelo lokuphehla lwamandla e-China lwe-China luwuhlelo lwe-DC ikakhulukazi uhlelo lwamandla kagesi akhiqizwa ibhethri lelanga, futhi ibhethri lihambisa amandla emthwalweni. Isibonelo, uhlelo lwe-Solar Law Lighting System enyakatho-ntshonalanga China China kanye nohlelo lokuhlinzekwa kwamandla we-microwave kude kude negridi yilo lonke uhlelo lwe-DC. Lolu hlobo lohlelo lunesakhiwo esilula nezindleko eziphansi. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yama-voltages ahlukene we-DC (njenge-12V, i-24V, 48V, njll.), Kunzima ukufeza ukucaciswa nokuhambisana kohlelo, ikakhulukazi amandla e-AC asetshenziswa ngamandla we-DC. Kunzima ekunikezelweni kwamandla kwe-Photovoltaic ukunikela ngogesi ukungena emakethe njengempahla. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isizukulwane samandla we-Photovoltaic ekugcineni sizothola ukusebenza okuxhunywe ngegridi, okumele kwamukele imodeli yemakethe evuthiwe. Esikhathini esizayo, amasistimu wokuphehla amandla we-AC Photovoltaic azoba yi-Mainestream of Photovoltaic Power Generation.
Izidingo ze-Photovoltaic Power Generation System zokuhlinzekwa ngamandla wamandla we-inverter
Uhlelo lokuphehla lwamandla we-Photovoltaic usebenzisa okukhipha amandla e-AC kuqukethe izingxenye ezine: I-Photovoltaic Array, ibhethri kanye ne-Inverter (uhlelo lokuphehla lwamandla oluxhunywe khona amandla ngokuvamile lungasindisa ibhethri), futhi i-inverter iyingxenye esemqoka. I-Photovoltaic inezidingo eziphakeme ze-inverters:
1. Ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu kuyadingeka. Ngenxa yentengo ephezulu yamangqamuzana elanga okwamanje, ukuze andise ukusetshenziswa kwamangqamuzana elanga futhi athuthukise ukusebenza kahle kohlelo, kuyadingeka ukuzama ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kwe-inverter.
2. Ukuthembela okuphezulu kuyadingeka. Njengamanje, ama-Photovoltaic amandla okuphekela amandla okuphekela amandla asetshenziswa ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezikude, futhi iziteshi eziningi zamandla azinakwa futhi ziyagcinwa. Lokhu kudinga ukuthi i-inverter ibe nesakhiwo somjikelezo esifanele, ukukhetha okuqinile kwengxenye, futhi idinga ukuthi i-inverter ibe nemisebenzi ehlukahlukene yokuvikela, njengokuvikelwa kwesisu se-DC polarity, ukuvikelwa ngokweqile kwe-DC
I-3. I-DC yokufaka i-volultage iyadingeka ukuba ube nohlobo oluhlukahlukene lokuzivumelanisa nezimo. Njengoba i-voltage ye-terminal yebhethri ishintsha ngomthwalo kanye nokuqina kokukhanya kwelanga, yize ibhethri linomphumela obalulekile ku-voltage yebhethri, ivolumu yebhethri liguquguquka ngokushintshwa kwamandla asele ebhethri nokungaphakathi kwangaphakathi. Ikakhulu lapho ibhethri liguga, i-voltage yayo yokugcina iyahlukahluka. Isibonelo, i-voltage ye-terminal yebhethri eli-12 v ingahluka kusuka ku-10 v kuya ku-16 v. Lokhu kudinga ukuthi i-inverter isebenze e-DC enkulu iqinisekisa ukusebenza kwamandla ajwayelekile futhi kuqinisekiswe ukuqina komzimba we-AC Output.
I-4 PhotoVoltaic Photopoltaic Power Generation Systems, umphumela wokukhishwa kwamandla we-inverter kufanele kube yigagasi lesine elinokuhlanekezela okuncane. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi kuzinhlelo eziphakathi nendawo ezinamandla, uma kusetshenziswa amandla we-Square Wave, okuphumayo kuzoqukatha ngokwengeziwe izingxenye ze-hamonic, futhi i-harmonics ephezulu izokhiqiza ukulahleka okwengeziwe. Amasistimu amaningi wokuphehla amandla we-Photovoltaic alayishwa ngokuxhumana noma ngemishini yokufaka insimbi. Imishini inezidingo eziphakeme ngekhwalithi yegridi yamandla. Lapho amasistimu wokuphehla amandla aphakathi nendawo futhi amakhulu axhunyiwe kugridi, ukuze agweme ukungcoliswa kwamandla ngegridi yomphakathi, i-inverter nayo iyadingeka ukukhipha i-wave wave yamanje.
I-inverter iguqula iqonde ngqo kumanje ukushintshana kwamanje. Uma i-voltage eqondile yamanje iphansi, ikhuliswe ngokushintshana kwamanje i-transformer ukuthola okuguquguqukayo okuguquguqukayo okuguquguqukayo kanye nemvamisa. Kwabakwa-Inverters abakhulu, ngenxa ye-voltage ephezulu yebhasi ye-DC, ukuphuma kwe-AC ngokuvamile akudingi i-transformer ukuze kukhuthaze i-voltage ku-220V. E-Inverters ephakathi nendawo nencane, i-DC Voltage iphansi, njenge-12V, ye-24V, umjikelezo wokukhulisa kufanele yakhelwe. Ama-incerter aphakathi nendawo aphakathi nendawo afaka amasekethe ama-inverter we-push-donsa, amasekethe ama-incerter agcwele ama-inverter kanye nokuthuthuka okuphezulu kokuqinisa amasekethe ama-inverter. Amasekethe okudonsela phansi axhumeka i-plug engathathi hlangothi ye-Transformer evuselelayo ekuhlinzekeni kwamandla akhona, futhi amashubhu aphezulu ahlukile, ngoba ama-transformer axhumeka emjikelezweni ojwayelekile, futhi ngenxa yokuthi i-transformer ixhumeke emjikelezweni othile, ngaleyo ndlela ithuthukise ukuthembeka kwesifunda. Okubi ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwe-transformer kuphansi futhi amandla okushayela imithwalo endulisayo ampofu.
Isifunda esigcwele i-Inverter Inverter sinqoba ukushiyeka komjikelezo we-push-donsa. I-Power Transistor ilungisa ububanzi bokuphuma buhlabe ububanzi, kanye nenani elisebenzayo lokuphuma kwe-ac voltage ushintsho ngokufanele. Ngoba umjikelezo une-loop yamahhala, ngisho nangomthwalo ongenisayo, i-wavepform ye-voltage ye-volput ngeke ihlanekezelwe. Okubi kwalesi sifunda ukuthi ama-transistors anamandla ezandla ezingaphezulu nangaphansi awahlanganyeli emjikelezweni, ngakho-ke umjikelezo we-drive ozinikele noma ukunikezwa kwamandla okuhlukile kufanele kusetshenziswe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuze uvikele ukufakwa kwezingalo okujwayelekile kwebhuloho eliphezulu nangaphansi, umjikelezo kumele wenzelwe ukucishwa bese uvulwa, okungukuthi, isikhathi sesifunda kufanele sibekwe, futhi isakhiwo sesekethe siyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu.
Ukukhishwa kwe-push-download Circuity kanye nomjikelezo webhuloho eligcwele kufanele ungeze i-step-up transformer. Ngoba i-step-up transformer inkulu kakhulu ngosayizi, iphansi ngokusebenza kahle, futhi ibiza kakhulu, ngokuthuthukiswa kwamandla we-Power Electronics kanye nobuchwepheshe bokuguqula ama-microelecy, ubuchwepheshe bokuguqulwa kwe-microency, busetshenziselwe ukufezekisa ukubuyisela emuva kwe-inverter yamandla aphezulu. Umjikelezo we-Front-Stage waqinisa umjikelezo walesi sifunda se-Inverter admerts push-download sakhiwo, kepha imvamisa yokusebenza ingaphezulu kwe-20KHZ. I-Boost Transformer yamukela impahla ephakeme ye-magrency infrecy, ngakho-ke incane ngosayizi nokukhanya kwesisindo. Ngemuva kokuphambuka okufudumele okuphezulu, kuguqulwa kube yisikhathi esiphakeme sokushintsha kwamanje ngokusebenzisa i-transformer ephezulu kakhulu, bese kuthi-ke i-voltage eqondile yamanje (ngokuvamile nge-300V) itholakala ngokujikeleza okujwayelekile kokuhlunga, bese ingena ngokujikeleza imvamisa yamandla we-inverter.
Ngalesi sakhiwo somjikelezo, amandla we-inverter athuthukiswa kakhulu, ukulahleka kwe-inverter kuncishiswa ngokulandelana, futhi ukusebenza kahle kuyathuthukiswa. Ukungathandeki kwesifunda ukuthi umjikelezo uyinkimbinkimbi futhi ukuthembeka kuphansi kunezindawo ezimbili ezingenhla.
Lawula umjikelezo we-inverter Circuit
Imibuthano eyinhloko yalawa ma-inverters ashiwo ngenhla adinga ukufezeka yi-Control Circuit. Ngokuvamile, kunezindlela ezimbili zokulawula: igagasi lesikwele kanye ne-wave enhle futhi ebuthakathaka. I-Inverter Power Supply Palcuit ene-Square Wave avectuke ilula, iphansi ngezindleko, kepha iphansi ngokusebenza kahle nakunkulu ngezingxenye ze-hamonic. . Ukukhishwa kwe-Sine Wave kuyinto yokuthuthuka yabakwa-Inverters. Ngokuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe be-microelectorics, ama-microprocessors anemisebenzi ye-PWM nawo ayaphuma. Ngakho-ke, ubuchwepheshe be-Inverter for Sine Wave akhipha.
1 Ukuzijwayeza kufakazele ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwemibuthano ehlanganisiwe ye-SG3525 kanye nokusetshenziswa kwama-FETS Power njengokushintsha kwezakhi zamandla kungafinyelela ukusebenza okuphezulu kanye namanani entengo. Ngoba i-SG3525 inamandla okushayela ngokuqondile amandla entengo yamandla futhi inomthombo wesethenjwa sangaphakathi kanye ne-amplifier yokusebenza kanye nokuvikelwa kwe-undervoltage i-ampleviter, ngakho-ke umjikelezo wawo we-peripheral ulula kakhulu.
2 I-MP 16 ne-PI C 16 C 73 ekhiqizwe yi-Mi-Cro Chip Company, njll. Lawa makhompyutha ayi-Chip-Chip anama-generator amaningi we-PWM, futhi angabeka izingalo zebhuloho eziphezulu nengaphezulu. Ngesikhathi sokufiphale, sebenzisa i-Intel Company's 80 C 196 MC ukuqaphela umjikelezo wokukhipha i-Sine Wave, 80 C 196 MC ukuqedela isilinganiselo sesiginali se-Sine Wave Signal, futhi uthole i-AC Output Voltage ukufeza ukuqina kwe-voltage.
Ukukhetha amadivayisi wamandla kusifunda esikhulu se-inverter
Ukukhetha kwezakhi zamandla amakhulu zeinhlanganiselakubaluleke kakhulu. Njengamanje, izakhi zamandla ezisetshenziswa kakhulu zifaka ama-darlington Power transistors (BJT), ama-Power Field Field Effect Transistors (Mos-F et), afakwe i-Gate Transteristors (IGB). T) Futhi ukucisha i-thyristor (GTO), njll. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ukumelana nombuso kwe-Mos FET kukhuphuka ngokunyuka kwamandla kagesi, kanti ama-IG BT asezinhlelweni zamandla aphakathi nendawo angena inzuzo enkulu, ngenkathi kunamandla amakhulu (ngaphezulu kwe-100 KVA), i-GTOS ngokuvamile isetshenziswa njengezakhi zamandla.
Isikhathi sePosi: Oct-21-2021
